By Niamh Kennedy and Amy Woodyatt, Jan 10 (CNN): At least 164 people have been killed and more than 5,000 detained during the violent upheaval in Kazakhstan this week, as unrest swept the nation and the death toll ticked even higher.

Deadly protests that erupted in the Central Asian country in recent days have seen the government resign and the declaration of a state of emergency as troops from a Russia-led military alliance has been deployed to help contain the unrest.

The death toll -- a significant increase from Friday's count of 44 -- was announced Sunday on state-run TV channel Khabar 24, citing the Kazakhstan Ministry of Health.

The unrest is the biggest challenge yet to autocratic Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's rule, with initial public anger over a spike in fuel prices expanding to wider discontent with the government over corruption, living standards, poverty and unemployment in the oil-rich, former Soviet nation, human rights organizations report.

At least 5,135 people have so far been detained for alleged participation in Kazakhstan protests, Kazakh state media reported Sunday, citing the country's Internal Affairs Ministry. Meanwhile, police have opened some 125 criminal cases related to incidences of violence, including on the charges of violence, murder, robbery, state media reported.

CNN has been unable to verify the government's claims.

"Peacekeeping" forces from member states of Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) have fully deployed to Kazakhstan and are now completely operational within the country, CSTO commander general Andrey Serdyukov told a news briefing on Sunday.

The CSTO -- which includes Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan -- deployed forces following an appeal from Tokayev for help from the alliance after unrest broke out across Kazakhstan on Wednesday, including in the largest city, Almaty.

Serdyukov said the forces are "performing tasks to protect important military, state and socially significant facilities in the city of Almaty and adjacent area," and will remain in the country until the situation is "fully stabilized."

High-profile officials, including the country's former head of Kazakhstan's National Security Committee Karim Massimov, have been detained on suspicion of treason, state media reports.

The country's central bank has also temporarily suspended currency exchanges in what it says is needed for both the exchangers themselves and their employees and customers, Khabar 24 reported.

The banking system will be restored in stages depending on the priority of social significance of services for the population and business, Khabar 24 also reported. The payment system for loans, pensions, allowances and salaries will be expected to resume working as usual throughout the country from Monday.

The European Union has made clear it "strongly condemns" the widespread acts of violence in Kazakhstan and outside military support "should respect the sovereignty and independence" of the country, EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said in a statement on Saturday.

"We deeply regret the loss of life and strongly condemn the widespread acts of violence," he said.

"Outside military support should respect the sovereignty and independence of Kazakhstan as well as the fundamental rights of all citizens," he added.

Meanwhile, Pope Francis has prayed for the victims of the violent protests seen in recent days in Kazakhstan, he said Sunday after his weekly Angelus prayer.